e coli o157 h7 atcc43889  (ATCC)

Journal: Chemistry & Biodiversity

Article Title: Phenolic Profile and In Vitro Anti‐Inflammatory Activities of Salvia officinalis L. Hydrodistillation Wastewater

doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202502271

Figure Lengend Snippet: Activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) pathway. Raw 264.7 cells were pre‐treated for 24 h with Salvia officinalis L. hydrodistillation wastewater (50 and 100 µg/mL) and then exposed to E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (100 ng/mL) for 2 h by adding it to the culture medium. Experimental groups included vehicle‐treated cells (used as controls), E. coli LPS alone, E. coli LPS combined with wastewater pre‐treatment, and wastewater treatment alone. (a) Nuclear p65 (NF‐κB) and (b) cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) protein levels were analyzed by Western blot. The densitometry results are reported as a fold change against the control. Intensity values were normalized to the corresponding Lamin‐B and β‐actin values. Bands are cropped from original Western blot images for illustrative purposes; the uncropped images are available in the . Data are presented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's (Honest Significant Difference [HSD]) post hoc test. Groups sharing the same letter are not significantly different from each other ( p > 0.05).

Article Snippet: In this study, the enteropathogenic strain E. coli O157:H7 (ATCC 43888) was grown on Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA, Oxoid, Italy) under a 5% CO 2 atmosphere at 37°C for 24 h.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Western Blot, Control

Journal: Chemistry & Biodiversity

Article Title: Phenolic Profile and In Vitro Anti‐Inflammatory Activities of Salvia officinalis L. Hydrodistillation Wastewater

doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202502271

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects on pro‐inflammatory cytokines gene expression. Raw 264.7 cells were pre‐treated for 24 h with Salvia officinalis L. hydrodistillation wastewater (50 and 100 µg/mL) and then exposed to E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (100 ng/mL) for 2 h by adding it to the culture medium. Experimental groups included: vehicle‐treated cells (used as controls), E. coli LPS alone, E. coli LPS combined with wastewater pre‐treatment, and wastewater treatment alone. Interleukin ( IL ) ‐6 , IL‐8 , and tumor necrosis factor ( TNF ) ‐α mRNA values are expressed as 2 ‐ΔΔCt and normalized to control. 18S rRNA was used as a housekeeping gene. Data are presented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's (Honest Significant Difference [HSD]) post hoc test. Groups sharing the same letter are not significantly different from each other ( p > 0.05).

Article Snippet: In this study, the enteropathogenic strain E. coli O157:H7 (ATCC 43888) was grown on Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA, Oxoid, Italy) under a 5% CO 2 atmosphere at 37°C for 24 h.

Techniques: Gene Expression, Control

Journal: Chemistry & Biodiversity

Article Title: Phenolic Profile and In Vitro Anti‐Inflammatory Activities of Salvia officinalis L. Hydrodistillation Wastewater

doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202502271

Figure Lengend Snippet: Modulation of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) expression. Caco‐2 cells were pre‐treated with Salvia officinalis L. hydrodistillation wastewater (100 and 200 µg/mL) for 24 h and subsequently exposed to E. coli for 2 h. Experimental groups included: vehicle‐treated cells (used as controls), E. coli alone, wastewater treatment alone, and E. coli combined with wastewater pre‐treatment. COX‐2 protein level was analyzed by Western blot. The densitometry results are reported as a fold change against the control. COX‐2 intensity value was normalized to the corresponding β‐actin value. Data are presented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's (Honest Significant Difference [HSD]) post hoc test. Groups sharing the same letter are not significantly different from each other ( p > 0.05).

Article Snippet: In this study, the enteropathogenic strain E. coli O157:H7 (ATCC 43888) was grown on Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA, Oxoid, Italy) under a 5% CO 2 atmosphere at 37°C for 24 h.

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Control

Journal: Chemistry & Biodiversity

Article Title: Phenolic Profile and In Vitro Anti‐Inflammatory Activities of Salvia officinalis L. Hydrodistillation Wastewater

doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202502271

Figure Lengend Snippet: trans ‐Epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) of Caco‐2 cells. Caco‐2 cells were pre‐treated with Salvia officinalis L. hydrodistillation wastewater (100 and 200 µg/mL) for 24 h and subsequently exposed to E. coli for 2 h. Experimental groups included: vehicle‐treated cells (used as controls), E. coli alone, wastewater treatment alone, and E. coli combined with wastewater pre‐treatment. The TEER values were measured before bacterial exposure (time zero, T0) and at the end of the treatment (T2). Results are reported as fold change of values at T2 relative to values at T0 and presented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's (Honest Significant Difference [HSD]) post hoc test. Groups sharing the same letter are not significantly different from each other ( p > 0.05).

Article Snippet: In this study, the enteropathogenic strain E. coli O157:H7 (ATCC 43888) was grown on Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA, Oxoid, Italy) under a 5% CO 2 atmosphere at 37°C for 24 h.

Techniques:

Journal: Chemistry & Biodiversity

Article Title: Phenolic Profile and In Vitro Anti‐Inflammatory Activities of Salvia officinalis L. Hydrodistillation Wastewater

doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202502271

Figure Lengend Snippet: Modulation of tight junction protein expression. Caco‐2 cells were pre‐treated with Salvia officinalis L. hydrodistillation wastewater (100 and 200 µg/mL) for 24 h and subsequently exposed to E. coli for 2 h. Experimental groups included: vehicle‐treated cells (used as controls), E. coli alone, wastewater treatment alone, and E. coli combined with wastewater pre‐treatment. Claudin‐1 (a) and occludin (b) protein levels were analyzed by Western blot. The densitometry results are reported as a fold change against the control. Claudin‐1 and occludin intensity values were normalized to the corresponding β‐actin value. Data are presented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's (Honest Significant Difference [HSD]) post hoc test. Groups sharing the same letter are not significantly different from each other ( p > 0.05).

Article Snippet: In this study, the enteropathogenic strain E. coli O157:H7 (ATCC 43888) was grown on Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA, Oxoid, Italy) under a 5% CO 2 atmosphere at 37°C for 24 h.

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Control